Giải bài tập
tiếng anh lớp 12 Unit 10 sách giáo khoa trang 106: Endangered species
|
|
UNIT 10:
ENDANGERED SPECIES
READING
❖ Before You Read
Work in pairs. Look at the pictures and answer ihe questions.
(Làm việc từng đói. Nhìn những hình vù trà lời câu hỏi.)
1.Which of the animals and insects below can be found in
Vietnam?
2.Which of them is/are in danger of becoming extinct?
Answer:
1. All of these animals and insects except for leopards
can be found in Vietnam.
2. I think rhinoceros is in danger of extinction.
❖ While You Read
Read the text then do the tasks that follow. (Đọc đoạn văn sau
đó làm bài tập kèm theo.)
Các chủng loại bị lâm nguy là các chủng loại động thực vật có
nguy cơ tuyệt chủng. Trên 8000 chủng loại thực vật và 7200 chủng loại động vật
trên toàn cầu bị đe dọa tuyệt chủng, và nhiều loài nữa trở nên tuyệt chủng hàng
năm trước khi các nhà sinh vật có thể xác định chúng.
Những nguyên nhân quan trọng của việc tuyệt chủng các chủng
loại là sự phá hủy môi trường sống tự nhiên, khai thác thương mại và ô nhiễm.
Sự tháo nước các vùng ngập nước, đốn rừng, đô thị hóa và việc xây dựng đường và
đập nước đã tiêu diệt hoặc làm hư hại nghiêm trọng môi trường sống tự nhiên. Từ
thập niên 1960, việc khai thác có tính thương mại toàn thế giới các động vật
lấy thực phẩm và những sản phẩm khác đã làm giảm trầm trọng số động vật quí
hiếm. Các hóa chất độc hại trong không khí và đất nước bị ô nhiễm và nhiệt độ
nước tăng cũng đưa nhiều chủng loại đến bờ tuyệt chủng.
Sự tuyệt chủng động thực vật đưa đến việc mất đi tính đa dạng
sinh thái. Bảo trì tính đa dạng sinh thái quan trọng cho chúng ta ở nhiều
phương diện. Chẳng hạn, con người lệ thuộc sự đa dạng chủng loại để có thức ăn,
không khí và nước sạch, và đất phì nhiêu cho nông nghiệp. Thêm vào đó, chúng ta
được lợi to lớn từ nhiều loại thuốc và các sản phẩm khác mà tính đa dạng sinh
thái cung cấp.
Những nỗ lực bảo tồn khác được thực hiện nhằm để cứu nhiều
chủng loại đang bị lâm nguy. Danh Sách Đỏ - danh sách có tính toàn cầu của
những chủng loại động vật dễ bị nguy hiểm và đang lâm nguy - đã được giới thiệu
để nâng cao ý thức nhu cầu bảo tồn của dân chúng. Các chính phủ đã ban hành
những đạo luật để bảo vệ động vật hoang dã khỏi việc buôn bán và sản bắn qua
mức. Nhiều khu bảo tồn môi trường sống của động vật hoang dã đã được thiết lập
để một số lớn chủng loại đang lâm nguy có thể có cơ hội tồn tại và phát triển.
Task 1: The nouns in column A all appear in the passage. Match each of them
with a suitable definition in column B. (Tất cả danh từ ở cột A xuất hiện ở
đoạn văn, ghép từng từ của chúng với định nghĩa thích hợp ở cột B.)
A
B
|
|
1. extinction
|
a. the existence of a large number of different
kinds of animals and plants which make a balanced environment
|
2. habitat
|
b. the act of preventing something from being lost,
wasted, damaged or destroyed
|
3. biodiversity
|
c. a situation in which a plant, an animal, a way of
life, etc. stops existing
|
4. conservation
|
d. the natural environment in which a plant or
animal lives
|
1.c
2. d
3.
a
4. b
Task 2: Choose A, B, C or D to complete the following sentences about the
reading passage. (Chon A, B, C hoặc D để hoàn chỉnh những câu về bài đọc.)
1.The number of species around the globe threatened with
extinction is over ……
A.7,200
B.
8,300
c. 1,600 D.
15,000
2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a primary cause
of species extinction?
A.
pollution
C. habitat destruction
B.natural selection
D. overexploitation
3. The Red List is a special book that provides names
of ……………animals.
A. vulnerable and
endangered
C. endangered
B.
hunted
D. extinct
4. The development of wildlife habitat reserves helps………………
A. save a large number of endangered species
B. make a list of endangered species
C. enact laws to protect wildlife
D. develop commercial trade and overhunting
5. The best title for the passage is……………….. .
A. Endangered Species and Conservation Measures
B. Endangered Species and their Benefits
C. The Global Extinction Crisis
D. Endangered Species Extinction: Causes and Conservation
Measures
1.D 2.
B 3 A
4. A 5. B
Task 3: Find evidence in the passage to support these statements. (Tìm những
chứng cứ ở đoạn văn để hỗ trợ những câu nói này.)
1. Pollution is one of the main causes of species extinction.
2. Species diversity has provided humans with so many
essential things.
3. There are a number of ways to help save endangered species.
1. The first sentence of
Paragraph 2. 2.
Paragraph 3 3. Paragraph 4.
❖ After You
Read
Work in pairs. Summarize the reading passage by writing ONE
sentence for each paragraph, ( Làm việc từng đôi. Tóm tắt đoạn văn bằng cách
viết MỘT câu chọn từng đoạn văn.)
* Paragragh 1: Over fifteen thousand plant and animal species
around the globe are threatened with extinction.
* Paragraph 2: The primary causes of species extinction are habitat
destruction, commercial exploitation and pollution.
* Paragraph 3: Biodiversity is important for humans since it
provides food, clean water, air, fertile soil, many medicines and other
products.
* Paragraph 4:Different efforts have been made to save and
conserve endangered species.
SPEAKING
Task 1: Work in
pairs. Ask and answer the following questions. (làm việc từng đôi. Hỏi và trả
lời các câu hỏi sau.)
1. What do you call Gấu Trúc, Tê Giác, Hổ, Voi in English?
2. In which sort of habitats can you find each of these
animals?
3. Which of these animals can be kept as a pet or used for
food or medicine?
4. Which of them is/are endangered?
Answer:
1. A.What do you call “gẩú trúc. lê giác, hổ và voi” in
English?
B. We call these animals “panda, rhino, tiger and
elephant” respectively.
2. A. In which sort of habitats can you find each of these
animals?
B. Pandas can be seen in bamboo forests. Rhinos can be
found in grasslands and tropical or sub-tropical forests. We can find tigers in
forests, grasslands and swam elephants can be seen in forests.
3. A. Which of these animals can be kept as a pet or used for
food or medicine?
B. None of these animals can he kept as a pet, except
for tiger can be used for food and medicine.
4. A. Which of them is / are endangered?
B. Pandas, tigers and rhinos are endangered.
Task 2: Work in
pairs. Look at the information about the giant panda, tiger, rhino and
elephant, which are endangered animals. Ask and answer questions about them.
(Làm việc từng đôi. Nhìn những thông tin về gấu trúc vĩ đại, hổ , tê giác và
voi, chúng là những động vật đang lâm nguy. Hỏi và trả lời các câu hỏi.)
A. Where do the giant panda live?
B. In bamboo forests in the mountains in central and western
China.
A. What‘s the population of pandas in the world?
B. Only about 600.
A. What’s their main food?
B. Bamboo leaves.
A. What's their average weight?
B. Between 75 and 160 kg.
A. Are they tall? What’s their height?
B. Not much. Their average height is from 1,2 to 1,5 metres.
A. How long do they live?
B. Their average lifetime is about 20 to 30 years.
A. Are they in danger of extinction?
B. Yes. Their population is in decline.
A. Why?
B. Because their natural habitat is being destroyed and they
are hunted for commercial trade.
Task 3: Work in
groups. Take turns to give an oral report on the animals mentioned in Task 2.
(Làm việc từng nhóm. Thay phiên tường thuật về những con thú được nói đến ở
Task 2.)
1. A. Let’s talk about the present endangered animals: pandas,
tigers, rhinos and elephants.
B. OK. First I see rhinos are listed in the Red List.
C. Now they live in grasslands, tropical and
subtropical forests in Africa and southern Asia.
D. The population of rhinos is about 17 000
A. They have the average height of about 1,2 to 1,8
meters and weigh from 1,000 to 3,000 kgs.
B. Their main food is grass and plants.
D. And their average life span is about forty years.
C. They are also in danger of extinction due to their
natural habitat destruction and illegal hunting and poaching.
2. A. Tigers are also referred to in the Red List and there
are only about 6000 tigers in the world.
B. They are found in forests, grasslands and swamps in
Siberia, Southeast Asia and Southern India.
C. Their average height is about 1,4 to 1,9 meters and
an average weight of 65 to 300 kgs.
D. Tigers are carnivores so their food is living
animals such as deer, buffalo, etc...
A. The life span is about 15 to 17 years.
B. They are also endangered animals because their
natural habitat is destroyed and they are hunted for commercial trade.
LISTENING
❖Before You Lisen
Work in pairs. Discuss and choose the best answer A, B,C or D.
(Làm việc từng đôi. Thảo luận và chọn câu trả lời đúng nhất A, B. C hoặc D.)
1. You can find gorillas
in .
A. Europe B.
Asia C. Africa
2. The male gorilla may attain a height of…………m and a weight
of about 180 kg.
A.
3
B. l,7
C.
0,8
3. The life span of a gorilla in the wild is
about years.
A.
30
B. 40
C.
50
1.
C
2.
B
3. A and C
❖ While You Listen
Task l: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer A, B,C or D to each
question. (Nghe đoạn văn và chọn câu trả lởi đúng
nhất cho từng câu hỏi.)
1. Which of the following can be a group leader?
A. The biggest and strongest adult male gorilla.
B. A female gorilla.
C. The biggest adult female gorilla.
D. A grown-up gorilla.
2. With whom do baby gorillas sleep at night?
A. Their sisters.
B. Their mothers.
C. Their fathers.
D. Their mothers and sisters.
3. Why do hunters kill mountain gorillas?
A. For their skin.
B. For their nests.
C. For the trees they live in.
D. For food.
4. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Mountain gorillas live in Africa.
B. Scientists study gorillas and show a different
picture of mountain gorillas.
C. Life for mountain gorillas is peaceful.
D. A gorilla sometimes eats worms.
5. What can be learned from the passage?
A. Mountain gorillas are not as dangerous as they look.
B. Mountain gorillas live in groups.
C. Mountain gorillas eat mainly plants.
D. All of A, B and C are correct.
1.A
2.B 3.
D 4.
c 5.D
❖ Tapescript
For a long time the image most people had of a gorilla was a
dangerous looking animal with big bared teeth. But researchers studying
gorillas show a very different picture of mountain gorillas. The animals are
peaceful, gentle, sociable, and mainly plant-eating creatures.
Gorillas live in family groups. A typical group is led by the
biggest and strongest grown-up male gorilla. He is called a silverback because
the hair on a male’s back turn from black to silver as he grows up. This
happens when he is between 11 and 13 years old. A silverback's group usually
includes one or two sub-adult males and a few females and their young.
Mountain gorillas spend much of their time eating. Their food
includes a variety of plants, along with a few kinds of insects and worms. Al
night the animals make a nest to sleep in. Many lightweight gorillas nest in
trees. The heavier ones may nest in grasses on the ground. Babies sleep with
their mothers at night.
Life for mountain gorillas is not always peaceful. They are
endangered and threatened by civil war in a small area of Africa where they
live. Hunters kill them for food. Their forests are cut down for farmland,
fuel, and housing. But many scientists, forest rangers, and other concerned
people are working hard to protect mountain gorillas, their habitats.
Task 2: Listen again and complete the chart below. (Nghe lại và điền biểu đồ
dưới đây.)
General features
|
(1)……………, gentle, sociable, and
(2)…………………………
|
Group members
|
the silverback. one or two
sub-adult males,
(3)……………………
|
Food
|
(4)……………..and worms
|
Place for sleeping
|
nest(5)………….. or (6)……………
|
Causes of being endangered
|
(7) ………., hunters killing them for
food,
(8)…………………
|
1. peaceful
2. plant-eating
3. a few females and their young
4. plants and a few insects
5. in trees
6. in grasses
7. civil war
8. forests being cut down
❖ After You Listen
Work in pairs. Summarize the main ideas of the passage, using
the Information and the answers in Tasks 1 and 2. (Tóm tắt những ý chính của
đoạn văn nqhe, dùng thông tin và câu trả lời ở Task 1 và 2.)
A. For a long time people used to think gorillas are dangerous
looking. Actually they are peaceful, gentle and sociable.
B. Gorillas live in family groups led by the biggest and
strongest grown-up male called a silverback.
A. A silverback’s group usually includes one or two sub-adult
males and a few females and their young.
B. Mountain gorillas spend much of their time eating. Their
main food is plants,a few kinds of insects and worms.
A. They sleep in nests in trees, and in grasses. Babies sleep
with their mothers.
B. Gorilla’s life is not peaceful because they are endangered and
threatened by civil war, hunting and the habitat destruction.
WRITING
Task 1: Work ill pairs. Suggest possible measures that should be taken to
solve the following problems. (Làm việc từng đôi. Đề nghị những hiện pháp có
thể thực hiện nên được áp dụng để giải quyết những vấn đề sau.)
• People do not know much about the need to protect rare and
endangered animals.
• Projects to save endangered animals do not have sufficient
fundsễ
• The habitats for endangered animals are being seriously
damaged and polluted.
• People who live in or near endangered animals’ habitats have
poor living conditions and rely mostly on wildlife products for their
livelihood.
• Some countries do not have laws to protect endangered
animals.
• People keep buying fashionable wildlife products.
• There are not enough wildlife habitat reserves.
Example:
People do not know much about the need to protect rare and
endangered animals. We should organise different activities to raise people's
awareness of the need to protect these animals.
A. It is said projects to save endangered animals are not
supplied with sufficient funds.
B. Therefore we should organize conferences and forums to
appeal to international organizations, governmental agencies, associations and
individuals to contribute to the protection and preservation rare and
endangered animals.
A. Moreover we should save endangered animals’ nature
habitats, which are being destroyed and seriously damaged.
B. To do this, governments in the world should enact laws to
ban hunting endangered and rare animals, cutting down trees and burning
forests.
A. In addition to this, people should pose very heavy fines to
those who violate these rules. And people should establish and develop wildlife
reserves.
B. These measures do both preserve the earth's valuable
biodiversity and protect endangered and rare species
Task 2: Write a paragraph about measures to protect endangered animals, using
the ideas discussed in Task 1. Begin your paragraph with. (Viết một đoạn văn về
những biện pháp để bảo vệ động vật lâm nguy, dùng ý tưởng được thảo luận ở Task
I. Bắt đầu đoạn văn của em với)
“There are a number of
measures that should be taken to protect endangered animals.”
There are a number of measures that should be taken to protect
endangered animals. First, people should organize different activities to raise
people’s awareness of the urgent needs to protect these animals. For example
they hold international conferences, seminars and forums about the great
importance of ecology and biodiversity. At the same time they should appeal to
governmental agencies in the world to contribute to the programmes of
protecting and preserving plants and animals that are driven to the verge of
extinction. In addition, people should contribute to the fund of preserving the
earth’s valuable natural resources for future generations. Besides these,
governments should enact laws to ban activities that can damage or destroy the
nature. If these measures are taken, our planet might be a peaceful and
beautiful place for all kinds of beings to live in.
LANGUAGE FOCUS
- Pronunciation: Rhythm
- Grammar: Modals verbs: may, might, must, mustn’t, needn’t
❖ Grammar
Exercise 1: Complete
the sentences, using may/might with one verb in the box. (Hoàn chính câu, dùng
may / might với một động từ trong khung.)
Bite
break need
rain
slip
wake
|
1. Take an umbrella with you when you go out. It might
rain later.
2. Don’t make too much noise. You …………….the baby up.
3. Be careful of that dog. It………….you.
4. I don’t think we should throw that letter away. We ………….it
later.
5. Be careful. The footpath is very icy. You …………………..
6. I don’t want the children to play in this room. They
……………..something.
2. may / might
wake 3. may / might
bile 4.
may / might need
5. may / might
slip 6.
may / might break
Exercise 2: Complete
the Sentences, using needn't, with one of the verbs in the box. (Hoàn chỉnh
câu, dùng needn't với một trong những động từ trung khung.)
Ask come
explain leave tell
walk
|
1. We’ve got plenty of time. We needn’t leave
yet.
2. I can manage the shopping alone. You …………with me.
3. We ……….all the way home. We can get a taxi.
4. Just help yourself if you’d like something to eat.
You………….first.
5. We can keep this a secret between ourselves. We …………anybody
else.
6. I understand the situation perfectly. You …………….further.
2. needn’t
come
3. needn't
walk
4. needn’t ask
5. needn't
tell
6. needn’t explain
Exercise 3: Complete
the sentences with must, mustn’t or needn't. (Điền câu với must, mustn’t hoặc
needn’t.)
1. We haven't got much time. We must hurry.
2. We’ve got plenty of time. We needn’t hum'.
3. We have enough food at home so we………….go shopping today.
4. Jim gave me a letter to post. I……………..remember to post it.
5. Jim gave me a letter to post. I…………….forget to post it.
6. There’s plenty of time for you to make up your mind. You
……….decide now.
7. You………..wash those tomatoes. They’ve already been washed.
8. This is a valuable book.
You ……..…look after it
carefully and you …..…lose it.
3. needn't 4. must
5. mustn't 6. needn't 7.
needn’t 8. must, mustn't
TEST YOURSELF D
I. LISTENING
Listen to the passage and complete the note with NO MORE THAN
THREE words. (Nghe đoạn văn và điền bản ghi chú với không hơn BA từ.)
FACTS ABOUT THE PANDA
Habitat: (0) lives in high mountains in China
Food: mainly (1) ……………………….
Eatins time: (2)………………………hours a day
Number: about (3)……………….in the wild and 100 in
captivity
Cubs: more than (4)…………………die after birth
Solution: (5)……………………….
|
1. bamboo shoots, leaves 2. 12
3. 600
4.
Half 5. cloning
❖ Tapescript
High in dense bamboo forests in the misty mountains of
southwestern China lives one of the world's rarest mammals: the panda. Pandas
feed mainly on bamboo shoots and leaves. Occasionally they eat other plants,
fish or small animals. Pandas eat fast and they eat a lot. They spend 12 hours
a day doing it.
Pandas are extremely endangered today. There are only about
600 of these black-and-white bears in the wild and a hundred in captivity. One
of the reasons is that the survival rate of the cubs is very low: more than
half of them die shortly after birth. Chinese government is considering cloning
the panda in their efforts to save this animal.
II. READING
Read the passage and decide if the following statements are
One (T) or false (F) or not mentioned. (Dọc đoạn văn và quyết định những câu
nói đúng (T) hay sai (F) hay được nói đên (NM).)
1. There are now about 3 to 5 million elephants in Africa.
2. Elephants are hunted because they have nowhere to
hide.
3. During the late 1970s and early 1980s, the number of
elephants decreased sharply.
4. Nowadays, elephants are found only in certain countries in
the world.
5. Since 1989, the trade in ivory has been prohibited all over
the world.
Rất khó biết ngày xưa bao nhiêu voi sống ở lục địa, nhưng có
lẽ có ít nhất 3-5 triệu con ở Phi châu vào đầu thế kỉ 20. Người ta luôn săn voi
để lấy thịt, da và ngà. Vì cộng đồng con người tăng và vũ khí trở nên tiến bộ
hơn, voi đã bị đe dọa nặng nề. Vào cuốỉ thập niên 1970 và đầu thập niên 1980 số
lượng voi đã giảm khủng khiếp vì việc săn trộm tăng. Người ta ước tính rằng
hiện nay có khoảng 500 000 con voi và chúng đang sống ở một số ít quốc gia.
Người ta đã ngăn cấm tất cả việc mua bán ngà voi có tính quốc tế năm 1989, và
nhiêu chính phù đã bắt đâu phạt nặng những người săn trộm. Nhờ những hành động
kịp lúc như thế, một số đàn voi, đặc biệt những đàn voi ở Nam Phi châu, đã phục
hồi suốt thập niên vừa qua. Tuy nhiên nhiều sự đe dọa vẫn còn đối với voi Phi
châu.
1.
F
2.
NM
3.T
4. T
5.T
III. GRAMMAR
Complete the sentcnes with must, mustn’t or needn't. (Điền các
câu với must, mustn't hoặc needn’t)
1. DOCTOR: You……….go on a diet; but you …………..eat sensibly and
you…………. overeat.
2. ZOO NOTICE: Visitors……………. feed the animals.
3. TEACHER: You…………………. read the whole book but you…………. read
the first four chapters
4. RAILWAY NOTICE: Passengers……………..walk on the line
5. SCHOOL NOTICE: The lifts…………… be used in case of fire.
6. DOCTOR: You ……………. take more than two of these pills at
once. Three might be fatal.
7. DOCTOR (to patient’s wife): If the pain has gone, he take
any more of these.
1. needn't; must; mustn’t
2.
mustn't
3. needn't: must
4. mustn't
5. mustn’t
6.
mustn’t 7. needn’t
IV. WRITING
Study the information about rhinos, then write a paragraph
describing the animal and suggest possible solutions to protect them from
extinction. (Nghiên cứu thông tin về tê giác, sau đó viết một đoạn văn mô tả
con thú và đề nghị những biện pháp có thể được để bảo vệ chúng khỏi tuyệt
chủng.)
Habitat: Grasslands,
tropical and subtropical forests in Africa and southern Asia.
Population: About
17,000
Height: 1.2 to
l.8 m
Weight: 1.000 to
3.000 kg
Food: Grass and
plants
Life span: About 40
years
Reason for decline: Habitat
destruction and illegal hunting
Rhinos are one of the endangered animals that are on the
verge of extinction. Rhinos are large animals and need a lot of space to live
in. Now people can find them in grasslands, tropical and sub-tropical forests
in Africa and southern Asia. A rhino is about from 1,2 to 1,8 meters high and
weighs from 1,000 to 3,000 kgs. Theỉ main food is grass and plants. A rhino's
average lifespan is about 40 years.
It is estimated that there are now about 17.000 rhinos in the
world. But there is a great decline in the population of rhinos due to the
hunting and poaching, and especially their habitat destruction.
World Wildlife Fund has been working to conserve rhinos for
over 40 years. It has launched rhino conservation projects to protect this
species from extinction by translocating rhinos to the conservancy run by local
communities.
|
|