Giải bài tập tiếng anh lớp 12 unit 2 sách giáo khoa trang 20
A. READING
Before you read
Work in pairs. Discuss the question: Which of
the following is the most important for a happy life?why?(Làm việc từng đôi .
Thảo luận câu hỏi: Yếu tố nào trong những yếu tố sau quan trọng nhất cho cuộc sống
hạnh phúc?Tại sao?)
While you read
Read the passage and do the tasks
that follow (Đọc bài đọc và làm những bài tập kèm theo)
Bài dịch unit 2 tiếng anh lớp 12:
CULTURAL DIVERSITY
Theo truyền thống người Mĩ và người
Á châu có những ý tưởng rất khác nhau về tình yêu và hôn nhân. Người Mĩ tin ở
hôn nhân “lãng mạn”- một cậu con trai và một cô con gái cảm thấy thích nhau,
yêu nhau và quyết định cưới nhau. Trái lại, người Á châu tin ở hôn nhân “có
giao ước” – cha mẹ cô dâu và của chú rể quyết định việc hôn nhân và tình yêu
- nếu có phát triển – được nghĩ là sự tiếp
nối hôn nhân, chớ không có trước nó.
Để chứng tỏ những sự khác biệt, một cuộc khảo
sát được tiến hành giữa các sinh viên Mĩ, Trung Quốc và Ấn để quyết định thái độ
của họ đối với tình yêu và hôn nhân. Sau đây là bản tóm tắt các câu hỏi của mỗi
nhóm cho bốn ý tưởng quan trọng.
Nét hấp dẫn thể chất: Sinh viên Mĩ
quan tâm nhiều về nét hấp dẫn thể chất hơn sinh viên Ấn và Trung Quốc khi họ chọn
vợ hay chồng. Học cũng đồng ý rằng người vợ nên giữ vẻ đẹp và ngoại hình của
mình sau hôn nhân.
Chia sẻ: Ít sinh viên Á châu đồng ý
quan điểm của sinh viên Mĩ vợ và chồng nên chia sẻ mọi ý nghĩ với nhau. Thực vậy,
đa số sinh viên Ấn và Trung Quốc thực sự nghĩ rằng không thảo luận một số vấn đề,
chia sẻ một số ý tưởng nào đó là tốt và khôn ngoan hơn. Đặc biệt rất nhiều người
Ấn đồng ý rằng giãi bày tâm sự với vợ là không khôn ngoan.
Mối tương quan của người ngang hàng:
Đa số sinh viên Á châu bác bỏ quan điểm của người Mĩ hôn nhân là mỗi tương quan
giữa những người ngang hàng với nhau, không đòi hỏi ít hay nhiều hơn ở nhau. Đa
số sinh viên Ấn đồng ý rằng trong hôn nhân đàn bà phải hi sinh nhiều hơn đàn
ông.
Tín nhiệm xây dựng trên tình yêu:
Đáng chú ý, nhiều sinh viên châu Á hơn nhiều sinh viên Mĩ đồng ý rằng người chồng
bắt buộc nói cho vợ nơi anh ta đã đi nếu anh ta về nhà muộn. Người vợ Á châu có
thể yêu cầu báo cáo những hoạt động của chồng. Người vợ Mĩ, chẳng hạn, tin chồng
mình là điều đúng vì anh yêu cô chớ không vì anh bắt buộc phải làm.
Sự so sánh bốn ý tưởng về tính lãng
mạn cho thấy người trẻ châu Á không lãng mạn bằng người Mĩ đồng trang lứa.
Task 1: Explain the meaning of the
italicized words / phrases in the following sentence (Giải thích nghĩa của những
từ/ cụm từ in nghiêng ở những câu sau) (sgk trang 22)
1. Precede: happen or exist before
2.Determine: find out
3. confide: tell someone about
something every private or secret.
4. Sacrifice: willingly stop having
something you want.
5.obliged: having a duty to do
something.
Task 2: Answer the following
questions. (Trả lời các câu hỏi sau)
1. They are “trust built on love,
physical attractiveness, confiding and partnership of equals”
2. the Amerivans are much more
concerned with it than the Indians and the Chinese when choosing a wife or a
husband.
3. The Indian students agree that a
woman has to sacrifice more in a marriage than a man.
4. The American wife trusts her husband
to do the right thing because he loves her not because he has to.
5. The main finding of the survey is
young Asians are not as romantic as their American counterparts.
After You
Read
Work in
froups. Discuss the question: “what are the differences between a traditional
Vietnamese family and a modern Vietnamese family?” ( Làm việc từng nhóm. thảo
luận câu hỏi: “ Những khác biệt giữa gia đình Việt Nam truyền thống và gia đình
Việt Nam hiện đại?”)
B. SPEAKING
Task 1:
Work in pairs. Express your point of view upon the following idieas, using the
words or expressions in the box. (Làm việc từng đôi. Trình bày quan điểm của em
về những ý tưởng sau, dùng những từ hay cụm từ trong khung)
1. A. I think it's a good idea to have
three or four generations living together under one roof. They can help
one another a lot.
B. I don't agree. It's been said there's
a “generation Hap” between the old and the young. Therefore, there may usually
be conflicts among family members. In some countries, specially in developing
countries, old-aeed people like to live in a nursing homes, where they can lead
independent lives.
2. C. In my opinion, it's obvious a happy
marriage should he based on love, the true love, because love is the
prerequisite for the family happiness. Only the true love can bring about
forgiveness and sacrifice.
D. That's true. It’s love that joins a man
with a woman together.
3. E. I don’t think it's a good idea that
love can be supposed to follow the marriage. It's an obsolete thought. Everyone
should have a right to make decisions for his / her own, especially the one
relating to his /her personal life. In the other hand, he / she determines and
chooses his / her spouse freely. We love something whenever we know and
understand it well. The more we know (something), the more we like (it).
F. That’s my thought, too. A happy marriage
should he built on love.
4. G. I think it's OK. Holding one's hands
is a way to express one’s feelings or love, especially the intimacy.
H. I agree with you. How about kissing each
other in public?
G. Personally, it’s not our traditional
culture. Our personal feelings may not be performed in public. I mean in front
of other people, except for appropriate or necessary circumstances.
Task 2: Below arc some typical features of the American culture. Work in pairs.
Discuss and find out the corresponding features of the Vietnamese culture.
(Dưới đây là một vài điểm đặc trưng của Văn hóa Mĩ. Làm việc từng đôi, thảo
luận và tìm những đặc điểm tương ứng của văn hóa Việt Nam.)
American
|
Vietnamese
|
*
Two generations (parents and children) live in a home.
*
Old-aged parents live in nursing homes.
*
Ii is not polite lo ask questions about age, marriage and income.
*
Americans can greet anyone in the family first.
*
Groceries are bought once a week.
*
Christmas and New Year holidays are the most important.
*
Americans celebrate birthdays and give presents at birthday parties.
* Children
sleep in their own rooms.
|
*
Two or more generations can live in a home.
*
Old-aged parents often live with their children.
It's a
common mailer in Viet Nam, but now under the influence of Western culture,
some people abide this rule, too.
*
Usually the inferior must greet the superior first.
*
Groceries can be bought at any time when necessary.
*
Only New Year (Lunar New Year-Tet) holidays are the most importanit.
*
Now this custom is also done in Vietnamese families, but usually in rich or
young ones. Most Vietnamese people celebrate parents' or grandparents' death
anniversay.
*
Small children usually sleep with their parents, but older children sleep in
their own room.
|
Task 3: Work in groups. Talk about the similarities and differences between
Vietnamese and American cultures, using the features discussed in Task
1. (Làm việc từng nhóm. Thảo luận những điểm tương tự và khác biệt
giữa văn hóa Việt Nam và văn hóa Mĩ, dùng những đặc điềm được thảo luận ờ Task
1.)
A. I think there are various differences between Vietnamese and American
cultures.
B. For example ?
C. Well. In the United States, usually only two generations (parents and
children) live under one roof. Meanwhile in Viet Nam you can see three or more
generations living in the same home.
D. A different feature between two cultures is old-aged Americans often live
in nursing homes, but Vietnamese old people usually live with their children or
grandchildren.
A. In America, asking about age, salary and religion is considered
impolite, but it’s OK or acceptable in Viet Nam. This custom, however, is also kept
by some Vietnamese people, especially among young citydwellers.
B. About greetings, in the US anyone can greet the others in the family
first, but in Viet Nam young or inferior people must greet the old or superior
first.
C. Christmas and New Year are the most important holidays in America,
but in Viet Nam only Lunar New Year is the most important.
D. Americans usually buy groceries or go shopping at weekends, but
Vietnamese people can buy groceries or things at any time they need or want. I
think it depends on lifestyle and family activities.
A. About the ways of expressing love or sentiments, Americans can kiss
or embrace each other in public, but this is considered unpleasant to eyes in
Viet Nam.
B. Birthdays or wedding anniversaries are usually celebrated in American
families; they are considered important family celebrations . In Viet Nam we
also see this custom, but only in young or rich families.
C. One more difference in two cultures: American children sleep in their
own rooms, meanwhile Vietnamese parents let their children sleep with them,
especially small children.
C.LISTENING
❖ Before You Listen
Work with a partner. Discuss the
following questions. (Làm việc với một bạn cùng học. Thảo luận những câu hỏi
sau.)
1. Yes. I often have.
2. The bride and Ihe groom usually stand in front of their
ancestors’ altar praying and asking them to bless their love and they wear
rings and other jewelry to each other. Afterwards, the bride’s and the groom’s
parents and relatives give them presents or jewels. Then the bride and the
groom come over to present themselves to their grandparents, families’members
and relatives. At the end, they have a party either at home or at a restaurant.
❖ While You Listen
Task 1: Listen to
the passage and fill in the missing information. (Nghe đoạn văn và điền những
thông tin thiếu.)
1. the groom's
parents. 2.
red paper 3. family or ancestors’ altar
2. at the wedding banquet. 5. money gifts
❖ Tapescript
WEDDING in VIET NAM
Tourist : T
Tourist Guide: TG
T : Can you tell me something about the
wedding ceremony in Vietnam?
T.G : Well, wedding is very important to the
Vietnamese, not only to the couple involved but also for both families. The
wedding day is usually chosen by the groom's parents.
T : What does
the groom’s family do on the wedding day?
T.G.: On the wedding day, the groom's family and
relatives go to the bride’s house bringing gifts wrapped in red papers. Those
who hold the trays of gifts are also carefully chosen.
T.: Do you
have the Master of Ceremonies? And what does he do during ihe wedding ceremony?
T.G.: The
Master of Ceremonies introduces thc groom, the bride, the parents, the
relatives and guests of the two families. The wedding ceremony starts in front
of the altar. The bride and the groom would pray, asking their ancestors'
permission to be married. The Master of Ceremonies would give the wedding
couple advice on starting a new family. The groom and the bride then exchange
their wedding rings.
T.: Where is
the wedding banquet held?
T.G.: Well, it
depends. Often the wedding banquet is scheduled at the groom or bride’s home or
at a restaurant and all close relatives, friends and neighbours are invited.
T. What kind
of food and drinks are served? Traditional food and beer or wine are. During
the reception, the groom and bride and their parents stop by each table to
thank their guests. The guests, in return, will give envelopes containing
wedding cards and money gifts to the newly wedded couples alone with their
blessings.
T.: Oh.
That’s very interesting. Thank you.
T.G.: You're
welcome.
Task 2: Listen again
and answer the questions. (Nghe lại và trả lời các câu hỏi.)
1. The most important thing the groom's family has to do on
the wedding day is to go the bride’s house bringing gifts wrapped in red paper.
2. They would pray and ask their ancestors to bless their love
in from of the family's altar.
3. After they pray to their ancestors .
4. The wedding banquet is usually held either at the groom's
and bride’s home or at a restaurant.
5. They come up to each table to thank their guests.
❖ After You Listen
Work in groups. Discuss
the questions, "What do families often do to prepare for a wedding
ceremony?"(Làm việc từng nhóm. Thảo luận câu hỏi. "Các gia đình
thường làm gì để chuẩn bị lễ cưới'')
A. The
wedding ceremony is a very important occasion to every Vietnamese family."
B. Sure it
is. It's one of the most important of the Vietnamese traditional ceremonies.
Therefore it must he well prepared.
C. There’s
no doubt about it. Then, what do related families do for it?
D. I think
the ceremony must he prepared tor weeks before the scheduled day.
A. What
should they do?
B. Well. As
I know, both families must decorate their houses, especially the family altars.
All things must be clean or new, and gorgeous!
C. Next they
send letters of invitation to relatives, friends and neighbours, usually ten
days before. To the people who live nearby, they must come to invite them in
person.
A. Simultaneously,
they have to make a reservation at a restaurant for the wedding reception, or
do all things necessary for it.
C. And the
most important thing the groom’s parents must do is they must prepare all
things, for example jewels, money, presents, for the wedding day.
D. Besides,
the groom’s parents should choose the people who will accompany the groom -
bringing the trays of gifts - to go to the bride's house.
WRITING
Task 1: You are
going to write about the conical leaf hat or the “ nón lá”, a symbol of
Vietnamese culture. Look at the picture below. Find the Vietnamese equivalents
for the English words. (Em định viết về “nón lú", một biểu tượng của văn
hóa Việt. Nhìn vào hình tượng đây Tìm từ tương đương tiếng Việt cho những từ
tiếngAnh.)
1. leaf:
lứ
2. rim : vành nón
3. ribs : khung nón
4. strap : quai nón
Task 2: Write a
passage of about 150 words about the conical leaf hat of Vietnam, using the
outline and information below. (Viết một đoạn văn khoảng 150 từ về “nón
lá", dùng dàn bài và thông tin dưới dây.)
A Symbol of the Vietnamese Culture: The Conical Leaf Hat
Introduction:
|
- symbol of Vietnamese girls/women
- part of the spirit of the Vietnamese nation
|
Main body:
Materials
Shape and size
Process
|
- special kind of bamboo and young/soft palm
leaves
- conical form
- diameter: 45 - 50 cm; 25 - 30 cm high
- covering the form with leaves/sewing leaves
around ribs
|
Conclusion:
|
- protecting people from sun rain
- girls/women look pretty/attractive
|
When you come to the countryside of Vietnam, especially in
Hue, you can see a lot of beautiful girls with a palm leaf conical hat on . The
conical leaf hat is said the symbol of the Vietnamese culture.
The hai is made from a special kind of bamboo and young and
soft palm leaves. The ribs are shaped into a conical form. The diametre of the
hat is usually about between forty and fifty-five centimetres; and it is about
twenty-five or thirty centimetres high. The ribs are covered with palm leaves
which are tightly stiched onto the bamboo frame. Finally, the hat is usually
painted with a coat of furniture - poiish oil.
The palm leaf conical hai is mainly used to protect from shine
or rain. Beneath the broad rim of the hai do Vietnamese girls look more
attractive and charming.
LANGUAGE FOCUS
Grammar
Exercise 1. Complete the following conversations with the
coưect form of the verbs in the box.
See
drink write
cook
1. A:_____________
you______________ The Titanic yet?
B: Yes, I have. I________________ it last night. Why?
A: I______________ it next Friday.
2. A: Who_______________ all the soda?
B: Not me. I________________ any soda at all since last week.
I_____________ water all week. It’s much
healthier.
3. A: Susan_______________ a lot of books
lately.
B:_____________ she______________ Wildest Dreams?
A: Yes, she did. She__________________ that one about five
years aso.
4. A: You______________ for hours. When are
we eating dinner?
B: I’ve just finished. I ____________________ something
special for you.
It’s called “Ants on a tree’’.
A: Gross!
B: Actually, I________________ it for you many times before.
It’s just
meatballs with rice noodles.
1. Have - see ; saw : am eoing lo sec
2. drank ; have not drunk; drank
3. has written ; Did - write : wrote
4. have been cooking ; have cooked ; have cooked
Exercise 2. Circle
the letter (A, B, c or D) to complete the passaae.
Rosemary Dare is a wildlife photographer. She (1)
___________________________ in
Uganda for many years. She (2)_________________ elephants for twenty years.
She (3)____________ thousands of pictures since the 1980s. Last year, she
(4)
an international prize for nature photography. She (5)
__________ many prizes over the years. Recently, Ms Dare (6)
___________ interested in rhinos. She (7)___________________ them for the
last
few months. I am sure we (8)_________________ some interesting photos soon.
1. A. lives
B. will live
C. has been living
D. doesn’t live
2. A. has been photographing
B. photographs
C. is photographing
D. was
photographing
3.
|
A. is taking
|
B. will take
|
C. has taken
|
D. takes
|
|
4.
|
A. won
|
B. is winning
|
c. has won
|
D. has been winning
|
|
5
|
A. won
|
B. is winning
|
c. has won
|
D. wins
|
|
6.
|
A. has become
|
B. becomes
|
c. will become
|
D. become
|
|
7.
|
A. tracks
|
B. will track
|
c. has been tracking
|
D. tracking
|
|
8.
|
A. will see
|
B. saw
|
c. have been seeing
|
D. have seen
|
1. C 2. A
3. C 4. A
5.C 6. A
7. c 8. A
Exercise 3. Complete
the following letter with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
Dear Mr Jone
Iam writing this letter to complain about the noise from
Apartment 3C.I ( 1.move)…………. into Apartment 2C on November 1. Since I
(2.move)…………in, my upstairs neighbours have their stereo loudly every night. I
(3.ask) …………them to turn it down several time. But they (4.not stop) ……..
the noise yet. I (5.study)………. Every night. I (6.fail)………..stops. I would be
grateful if you (7.can talk) …………to my neighbours and ask them to turn down
their stereo after 10.00 p.m
Sincerely
Jony
1. moved 2.
Moved 3. haved
asked 4. have
not stopped
5.
study 6.
will fail 7. could talk